(1) Basic requirements for the first use of diesel engine When a new diesel engine (i.e. new equipment) is put into operation for the first time, the following aspects should be noted. ① Regardless of the length of the original running time of the diesel engine, it is recommended to replace the engine oil and oil filter before it is put into formal use. This is because the brand of the test oil used by the equipment manufacturer may not be the same as the brand of the oil used by the user. To avoid mixing different brands of oil, the engine oil and oil filter (including bypass oil filter or centrifugal filter, etc.) should be replaced before the new equipment is put into use for the first time.
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(2) Precautions for starting and stopping the diesel engine ① Preparation before starting. After cleaning the diesel tank and replacing the diesel filter, or when using a new diesel engine or a diesel engine after overhaul for the first time, the fuel system must be vented, otherwise, the diesel engine may not start.
fine filter and use a hand pump to pump diesel until bubble-free diesel flows out of the bleed hole. ② Precautions for starting a diesel engine are as follows: a. Disconnect the working device and ensure the engine starts without load. b. Position the throttle lever to 1/4 of full throttle. c. Start the engine. As soon as the engine ignites, release the start switch immediately. Note: During each start, the starter motor must not operate continuously for more than 10 seconds. If the engine fails to start three times in a row, wait at least 1 minute before starting again. d. After starting the engine, allow it to preheat for at least 3 minutes before operating at full load. During winter operation, the preheating time should be extended (at least 5 minutes). e. After starting, carefully monitor the engine oil pressure. ③ Precautions for shutting down a diesel engine. A diesel engine should not be shut down suddenly from full load. Under normal circumstances, it should be idled for 3-5 minutes after unloading, allowing the engine temperature to cool before shutting down. It is best to wait until the oil temperature is below 70°C and the cylinder head temperature is below 80°C before shutting down the engine. In special circumstances, the engine should also be shut down after unloading the engine whenever possible. If a diesel engine suddenly stops while in use (at full load), it is imperative to immediately rotate the crankshaft to prevent residual heat buildup in the engine's moving parts, which can cause problems such as "cylinder scuffing," "shaft seizure," and "burned bearings."
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(3) Precautions for winter operation of diesel engines When using a diesel engine in winter, the following points must be noted.
① Winter engine oil must be used. Different brands of winter engine oil should be selected according to the ambient temperature. For details, please refer to the oil selection requirements or the relevant requirements of the instruction manual.
② Use winter fuel. When the ambient temperature is above 0 to 10°C, use 10# diesel. When the ambient temperature is -10 to -30°C, use -30# diesel. When the ambient temperature is below -30°C, use -50# diesel. If the incorrect diesel is used, for example, using 0# diesel at -5°C, wax precipitation from the diesel may clog the filter, causing the engine to malfunction. Therefore, it is essential to use diesel that is appropriate for the ambient temperature.
③ Drain (or clean) the sediment from the fuel tank at least monthly.
④ When the ambient temperature is below -20°C, regularly apply cold-resistant grease to the flywheel ring gear to ensure proper starting.
⑤ When starting a diesel engine in winter, pay special attention to the following points.
a. If the cold start limit temperature is too low, use a preheating device.
b. Ensure the battery is fully charged.
c. Use flame heating plugs. When the ambient temperature is below -25°C, you can use flame heating plugs to preheat and start the diesel engine. To do this: Place the start switch in the preheat position, preheat for 60 seconds, wait for the yellow indicator light to illuminate, and then preheat for another 20-30 seconds before starting the diesel engine. If the engine fails to start successfully once, preheat it for another 1-3 minutes before starting again. Each start should not exceed 10 seconds.
d. When the ambient temperature is below -25°C, the engine must be preheated entirely by other means before starting. For example, hot air generated by a combustion heating device can be used to circulate the engine's internal heat, or the oil in the oil pan can be preheated using a special heating device.
e. When used in winter, the engine should generally not be operated at low temperatures, low speeds (n ≤ 800 rpm), and no load for more than 30 minutes.
f. When starting the engine, avoid operating it at maximum idling speed.
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